Libya

Libya
Compiled by the National Defense University Library
Updated 16 May 2013

Image Source: AFP

Popular uprisings have occurred throughout the Middle East in recent months. In Libya, protesters have been met with a campaign of intimidation and suppression. In response, the United States and the international community have taken a series of steps aimed at protecting innocent civilians and holding the Qaddafi regime accountable. In addition to launching humanitarian assistance programs, the United Nations, with the support of the Arab League, enacted a series of resolutions imposing sanctions and an arms embargo against Libya, authorizing the use of force to pursue all necessary measures to stop the killing, including the enforcement of a no-fly zone over Libya. On 19 March 2011, President Obama authorized the armed forces of the United States to begin a limited military action in Libya in support of international efforts to protect Libyan civilians.

This page brings together a collection of U.S. Government policy statements that capture the U.S. response to events Libya along with the latest analysis from think tanks. Additional pages are available to examine the protests throughout the Middle East, Yemen, and Syria. Comprehensive coverage of the Middle East region is available in the Regional Policy Overview of the Near East and North Africa.

Official U.S. Response
What the Think Tanks are Saying
Additional Reading

Official U.S. Response

[8 May 13] Benghazi: Exposing Failure and Recognizing Courage
Hearing before the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
[8 May 13] State Department Press Release: Statement on the Situation in Libya
[13 March 13] Remarks with Libyan Prime Minister Ali Zeidan
John Kerry, Secretary of State
[7 Feb 13] The Department of Defense's Response to the Attack on U.S. Facilities in Benghazi, Libya, and the Findings of its Internal Review Following the Attack
Hearing before the Senate Committee on Armed Services
[23 Jan 13] Testimony to the House Foreign Affairs Committee
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[23 Jan 13] Testimony to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[30 Dec 12] Flashing Red: A Special Report On the Terrorist Attack at Benghazi
Joseph I. Liberman, Chairman, and Susan M. Collins, Ranking Member, Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
[20 Dec 12] Benghazi Attack, Part II: The Report of the Accountability Review Board
Hearing before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs
[20 Dec 12] Benghazi: The Attack and the Lessons Learned
Hearing before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
[19 Dec 12] State Department Briefing on the Accountability Review Board Report
William J. Burns, Deputy Secretary of State, AMB Tom Pickering, Chairman of the Accountability Review Board, and ADM Michael Mullen, Vice Chairman of the Accountability Review Board
[18 Dec 12] Accountability Review Board (ARB) Report (Unclassified)
U.S. Department of State

[18 Dec 12] Secretary Clinton's Letter to Congress Regarding the Accountability Review Board (ARB) Report

[15 Nov 12] Benghazi and Beyond: What Went Wrong on September 11, 2012 and How to Prevent it from Happening at Other Frontline Posts
Hearing before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs
[12 Oct 12] Remarks with Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi di Sant'Agata after their Meeting
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
NOTE: Remarks on Libya occur within the Question and Answer portion of the transcript
[10 Oct 12] Letter to Secretary of Defense Panetta Requesting Defense Department's Review of the Support Provided to Protect U.S. Diplomatic Personnel
Senator John McCain and Senator Rob Portman
[10 Oct 12] The Security Failures of Benghazi
Hearing before the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
[3 Oct 12] Remarks with Foreign Minister of Kazakhstan Erlan Idrissov after their Meeting
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[28 Sep 12] Statement on the Intelligence Related to the Terrorist Attack on the U.S. Consulate in Benghazi, Libya
Shawn Turner, Director of Public Affairs for the Director of National Intelligence
[24 Sep 12] Remarks with Libyan President Mohamed Magariaf before their Meeting
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[20 Sep 12] Remarks at a Ceremony Honoring Fallen Americans
William J. Burns, Deputy Secretary of State
[14 Sep 12] Letter from the President Regarding the War Powers Resolution Report for Libya
[14 Sep 12] Remarks by the President at Transfer of Remains Ceremony for Benghazi Victims
[14 Sep 12] Remarks at the Transfer of Remains Ceremony to Honor Those Lost in Attacks in Benghazi, Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
NOTE: Contains the statement "The people of Egypt, Libya, Yemen, and Tunisia did not trade the tyranny of a dictator for the tyranny of a mob."
[13 Sep 12] White House: Readout of the President's Call with Libyan President Magariaf
[13 Sep 12] Remarks at Reception Marking Eid ul-Fitr
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[13 Sep 12] Statement on the Deaths of Tyrone S. Woods and Glen A. Doherty in Benghazi, Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[12 Sep 12] Statement by the President on the Attack in Benghazi
[12 Sep 12] State Department Briefing by Senior Administration Officials to Update Recent Events in Libya
[12 Sep 12] Remarks by the President on the Deaths of U.S. Embassy Staff in Libya
[12 Sep 12] Remarks on the Deaths of American Personnel in Benghazi, Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[12 Sep 12] Statement on the Death of American Personnel in Benghazi, Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[11 Sep 12] Statement on the Attack in Benghazi
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[14 Aug 12] State Department Fact Sheet: U.S. Government Assistance to Libya
[9 Aug 12] Seating of the Libyan General National Congress
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[20 July 12] State Department Fact Sheet: U.S. Government Assistance to Libya
[14 July 12] Press Availability after Meeting with Libyan Prime Minister Elkeib
William J. Burns, Deputy Secretary of State
[16 May 12] Remarks at the Security Council Briefing on Libya (ICC)
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[16 March 12] Statement on the First Anniversary of UN Security Council Resolution 1973 on Libya
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[12 March 12] Remarks at the United Nations Security Council
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[8 March 12] Remarks with Prime Minister Elkeib after their Meeting
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[8 March 12] State Department: Background Briefing on Libya
Senior Administration Official
[17 Feb 12] Statement by the White House Press Secretary on the First Anniversary of Libya's Revolution
[17 Feb 12] Statement on the First Anniversary of Libya's Revolution
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[22 Dec 11] Remarks at the Security Council Stakeout on Libya and Syria
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[17 Dec 11] Press Conference with Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta and Prime Minister Abdul Raheem al-Keeb in Tripoli, Libya
[17 Dec 11] Statement by Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta Following Visit to Tripoli Cemetery
[16 Dec 11] Statement by the White House Press Secretary on the Lifting of Sanctions in Libya
[16 Dec 11] Statement on the Removal of Remaining Financial Sanctions on the Central Bank of Libya and the Libyan Arab Foreign Bank
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[16 Dec 11] Department of the Treasury Fact Sheet: Lifting Sanctions on the Government of Libya
[2 Dec 11] Treasury's Response to the Arab Spring: The Role of Financial Tools in International Security Policy
Remarks by Daniel Glaser, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Terrorist Financing
[28 Nov 11] Remarks Following Security Council Consultations on Libya
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[23 Nov 11] Formation of New Libyan Cabinet
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[21 Nov 11] Remarks with Prime Minister Abdel Raheem al-Keeb in Tripoli
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[21 Nov 11] Remarks on Her Visit to Libya, Via Conference Call
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[18 Nov 11] Statement on the Reinstatement of Libya to the UN Human Rights Council
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[18 Nov 11] Remarks at a UN General Assembly Meeting on the Reinstatement of Libya to the Human Rights Council
Jeffrey DeLaurentis, U.S. Ambassador and Alternate Representative for Special Political Affairs to the United Nations
[7 Nov 11] The Success of NATO Operations in Libya and the Vital Contributions of Partners Outside of NATO
Foreign Press Center briefing by Ivo Daalder, U.S. Permanent Representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
[3 Nov 11] Special Briefing on U.S. Support for the Democratic Transitions Underway in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya
William Taylor, Special Coordinator for Middle East Transitions, U.S. Department of State
[2 Nov 11] Remarks at a Security Council Meeting on Libya and the International Criminal Court
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[27 Oct 11] Statement by Secretary of State Clinton and Secretary of Defense Panetta on Wounded Libyan Fighters Receiving U.S. Medical Care
[27 Oct 11] Remarks on the Adoption of Resolution 2016 on Libya
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[23 Oct 11] Statement by the President on the Declaration of Liberation in Libya
[23 Oct 11] Liberation of Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[21 Oct 11] Briefing on NATO Operations in Libya
Ivo Daalder, U.S. Permanent Representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
[20 Oct 11] Remarks by the President on the Death of Muammar Qaddafi
[20 Oct 11] Statement on the Reported Death of Col. Muammar Qadhafi in Libya
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[20 Oct 11] Statement on the Death of Muammar Qaddafi
Senator John McCain
[18 Oct 11] Remarks with Libyan Prime Minister Mahmoud Jibril
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[18 Oct 11] Town Hall Meeting with Youth and Civil Society (Tripoli University)
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[17 Oct 11] Background Briefing En Route Malta
Senior State Department Officials
[17 Oct 11] State Department Taken Question: Update on the Detention Situation of Prisoners of Sub-Saharan Descent in Libya
[6 Oct 11] Press Conference with Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta at NATO Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
[5 Oct 11] Remarks by Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta at Carnegie Europe, Brussels, Belgium
[20 Sep 11] Remarks by President Obama at High-Level Meeting on Libya
[20 Sep 11] Fact Sheet: High-Level Meeting on Libya and the Road to New York
U.S. Mission to the United Nations
[16 Sep 11] Explanation of Vote at a Security Council Meeting on the Situation in Libya
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[16 Sep 11] Fact Sheet: New Security Council Resolution Supports the Libyan People in their Transition to a More Democratic, Prosperous Future
U.S. Mission to the United Nations
[16 Sep 11] Statement on the Credentialing of Libya's Transitional National Council
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[14 Sep 11] Briefing on Travel to Libya
Jeffrey D. Feltman, Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs
[12 Sep 11] State Department Press Statement: Detention of Sub-Saharan African Refugees and Migrants in Libya
[9 Sep 11] White House Press Release: Statement from National Security Council Spokesman Tommy Vietor on Credentialing of Libyan Ambassador
[1 Sep 11] Press Availability on Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[1 Sep 11] State Department Background Briefing on Libya
[26 Aug 11] State Department Fact Sheet: Libya: Securing Stockpiles Promotes Security
[25 Aug 11] Statement on Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[25 Aug 11] UN Sanctions Committee on Libya
Special State Department briefing with a Senior Administration Official
[25 Aug 11] State Department Fact Sheet: Unfreezing Assets to Meet the Critical Humanitarian Needs of the Libyan People
[25 Aug 11] Statement on the Release of Assets by the UN Security Council's Libya Sanctions Committee
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[25 Aug 11] Intervention at Libya Contact Group Meeting
William J. Burns, Deputy Secretary of State
[22 Aug 11] Statement of President Barack Obama on Libya
[2 Aug 11] On the Record Briefing: U.S. Representative to the Transitional National Council Chris Stevens on Libya
Remarks by Mark C. Toner, Deputy Spokesperson, U.S. Department of State, and Chris Stevens, U.S. Envoy to Libya
[15 July 11] Press Availability in Istanbul
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[15 July 11] Background Briefing by Senior State Department Officials on Libya Contact Group Meeting
[14 July 11] Background Briefing En Route Istanbul, Turkey
Senior State Department Officials
[11 July 11] Remarks with European Union High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton after their Meeting
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[29 June 11] S. J. Res. 20, A Joint Resolution Authorizing the Limited Use of the United States Armed Forces in Support of the NATO Mission in Libya
Report, together with minority views, from the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
[28 June 11] Libya and War Powers
Hearing before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
[21 June 11] Department of the Treasury Press Release: OFAC Tightens Libya Sanctions
[21 June 11] S. J. Res. 20: Authorizing the Limited Use of the United States Armed Forces in Support of the NATO Mission in Libya
U.S. Senate
[20 June 11] State Department: Transitional National Council Oil Sales (Taken Question)
[17 June 11] State Department Fact Sheet: Update: U.S. Government Humanitarian Assistance in Response to the Libya Crisis
[16 June 11] Sexual Violence in Libya, the Middle East and North Africa
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[15 June 11] Letter from the President on the War Powers Resolution
[15 June 11] Interview with Stuttgart Nachtrichten
GEN Carter F. Ham, USA, Commander, U.S. Africa Command
[9 June 11] Press Availability in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[9 June 11] Background Briefing by a Senior State Department Official
[9 June 11] State Department Fact Sheet: Update: U.S. Government Humanitarian Assistance in Response to the Libya Crisis
[8 June 11] Presidential Memorandum - Unexpected Urgent Refugee and Migration Needs Related to Libya and Cote d'Ivoire
[8 June 11] State Department Background Briefing by Senior Government Officials En route to Abu Dhabi, UAE
[27 May 11] Remarks by President Obama and President Nicolas Sarkozy of France after Bilateral Meeting
[25 May 11] War Powers, United States Operations in Libya, and Related Legislation
Hearing before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs

[25 May 11] Remarks by President Obama and Prime Minister Cameron of the United Kingdom in Joint Press Conference in London, United Kingdom
[24 May 11] Not Just Special, But An Essential Relationship
Op-ed by President Obama and Prime Minister Cameron
NOTE: Last five paragraphs discuss the U.S.-UK partnership in Libya and the Middle East
[19 May 11] Release of Journalists in Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[19 May 11] State Department Fact Sheet: Transition and Reform in Libya
[13 May 11] White House Press Release: Readout of National Security Advisor Donilon's Meeting with Dr. Mahmoud Gibril
[12 May 11] Assessing the Situation in Libya
Testimony by James B. Steinberg, Deputy Secretary of State, before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
[5 May 11] Department of the Treasury Press Release: Treasury Identifies Three Companies Owned by the Government of Libya as Subject to Sanctions
[4 May 11] Remarks During a Security Council Briefing on Libya and the International Criminal Court
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[4 May 11] State Department Press Statement: Misrata, Libya: Appeal for Civilian Protection
[27 April 11] The Political Situation in Libya
Special briefing by Gene Cretz, U.S. Ambassador to Libya
[26 April 11] Presidential Memorandum - Libya
[26 April 11] Briefing on Recent Developments in the Middle East and Other Issues
Special briefing by Jake Sullivan, Director of Policy Planning, U.S. Department of State
[26 April 11] Media Availability with Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates and Secretary of State for Defence of the United Kingdom Liam Fox from the Pentagon
[25 April 11] United States Government Fact Sheet: Libya Complex Emergency
U.S. Agency for International Development
[25 April 11] White House: Readout of the President's Call with Prime Minister Berlusconi of Italy
[25 April 11] Current U.S. Humanitarian Assistance Efforts in Libya
Special briefing by Reuben Brigety, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Population, Refugees, and Migration, and Mark Bartolini, Director, Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, U.S. Agency for International Development
[22 April 11] Statement by Senator John McCain in Benghazi, Libya
[21 April 11] Remarks with Dutch Foreign Minister Uri Rosenthal after their Meeting
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[21 April 11] DoD News Briefing with Secretary Gates and Gen. Cartwright from the Pentagon
[18 April 11] NATO's Berlin Ministerial
Special Briefing by Philip H. Gordon, Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs
[14 April 11] Libya's Pathway to Peace
Joint Op-ed by President Obama, Prime Minister Cameron and President Sarkozy
[13 April 11] Continued Attacks on Libyan Civilians
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[6 April 11] Perspectives on the Crisis in Libya
Hearing before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
[6 April 11] State Department Fact Sheet: U.S. Government Humanitarian Assistance in Response to the Libya Crisis
[1 April 11] U.S. Humanitarian Assistance to Libya
Foreign Press Center briefing by Mark Ward, Deputy Assistant Administrator for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance, U.S. Agency for International Development
[31 March 11] Operation Odyssey Dawn and the Situation in Libya
Hearing before the Senate Armed Services Committee
[31 March 11] Assessing the Situation in Libya
Statement by James B. Steinberg, Deputy Secretary of State, before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
[31 March 11] Libya: Defining U.S. National Security Interests
Hearing before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs

[31 March 11] Operation Odyssey Dawn and U.S. Military Operations in Libya
Hearing before the House Armed Services Committee
[30 March 11] Interview with Roger Hearing of BBC World Service
Philip H. Gordon, Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs
[29 March 11] Remarks after the International Conference on the Libyan Crisis
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[29 March 11] Remarks at the International Conference on Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[28 March 11] Remarks by the President in Address to the Nation on Libya
National Defense University
[28 March 11] DOD News Briefing with Vice Adm. Bill Gortney, Director of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, from the Pentagon on Libya Operation Odyssey Dawn

Briefing Slides

[28 March 11] Statement by the White House Press Secretary on the President's Videoconference with President Sarkozy, Chancellor Merkel and Prime Minister Cameron
[27 March 11] CBS's "Face the Nation" Interview with Secretary Gates and Secretary Clinton on Libya
[27 March 11] NBC's "Meet the Press" Interview tihe Secretary Gates and Secrtary Clinton on Libya
[27 March 11] ABC's "This Week" Interview with Secretary Gates and Secretary Clinton on Libya
[27 March 11] Background Briefing on the North Atlantic Council's Meeting on Libya
[26 March 11] Weekly Address: President Obama Says the Mission in Libya is Succeeding
[26 March 11] Statement Regarding Use of Force in Libya
Remarks by Harold Hongju Koh, State Department Legal Advisor, at the American Society of International Law Annual Meeting
[26 March 11] State Department Press Statement: African Union Meeting on the Situation in Libya
[25 March 11] Readout of the President's Meeting with Members of Congress on Libya
[25 March 11] DoD News Briefing with Vice Adm. Gortney from the Pentagon on Libya Operation Odyssey Dawn

Briefing Slides

[25 March 11] Current Events in Libya
Special State Department briefing by Gene Cretz, U.S. Ambassador to Libya
[24 March 11] Statement by the White House Press Secretary on UAE Support for UN Security Council Resolution 1973
[24 March 11] DOD News Briefing with Vice Adm. Bill Gortney, Director of the Joint Staff, from the Pentagon on Libya Operation Odyssey Dawn

Briefing Slides

[24 March 11] Update on Implementing UN Security Council Resolutions 1970 and 1973 on Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[24 March 11] Teleconference Background Briefing on North Atlantic Council Discussions on Libya
[23 March 11] DoD News Briefing with Rear Adm. Hueber via Telephone from USS Mount Whitney
[23 March 11] Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jay Carney, Senior Director for Western Hemisphere Affairs Dan Restrepo and Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategic Communications Ben Rhodes
[22 March 11] The President on Libya: "We Have Already Saved Lives"
[22 March 11] Readout of President Obama's Call with Prime Minister Erdogan of Turkey
[22 March 11] Media Availability with Secretary Gates from Moscow, Russia
[22 March 11] DoD News Briefing with Adm. Locklear via Teleconference from US Mount Whitney
[22 March 11] Interview with Diane Sawyer of ABC News
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[21 March 11] Letter from the President to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate Regarding the Commencement of Operations in Libya
[21 March 11] Press Briefing by National Security Advisor Tom Donilon, Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategic Communications Ben Rhodes and Press Secretary Jay Carney on the Situation in Libya
[21 March 11] President Obama Answers Questions on Libya: "A Testament to the Men and Women in Uniform"
[21 March 11] DoD News Briefing with Gen. Ham via Teleconference from Germany
[20 March 11] Face the Nation
ADM Mike Mullen, Chairman,Joint Chiefs of Staff
[20 March 11] This Week with Christiane Amanpour
ADM Mike Mullen, Chairman,Joint Chiefs of Staff
[20 March 11] NBC Meet the Press
ADM Mike Mullen, Chairman,Joint Chiefs of Staff
[20 March 11] Media Availability with Secretary Gates enroute to Russia from Andrews Air Force Base
[20 March 11] DOD News Briefing by Vice Adm. Bill Gortney, Director of the Joint Staff, on Operation Odyssey Dawn
- Briefing Slides
[19 March 11] Remarks by the President on Libya
[19 March 11] DOD News Briefing by Vice Adm. Bill Gortney, Director of the Joint Staff, on Operation Odyssey Dawn
- Briefing Slides
[19 March 11] Commencement of U.S. Military Air Strikes in Libya as Part of International Enforcement of UNSCR 1973
Statement by GEN Carter Ham, Commander, U.S. Africa Command
[19 March 11] Press Release: Paris Summit for the Support to the Libyan People: Communique
[19 March 11] Press Availability at Chief of Mission Residence
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[18 March 11] Remarks by the President on the Situation in Libya
[18 March 11] Fact Sheet: New UN Security Council Resolution (1973) on Libya
U.S. Mission to the United Nations
[17 March 11] Remarks by Ambassador Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations, at the Security Council Stakeout on UN Security Council Resoltuion 1973
[17 March 11] Remarks by Ambassador Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations, in an Explanation of Vote on UN Security Council Resolution 1973
[15 March 11] Readout of President Obama's Meeting with his National Security Team on Libya
[14 March 11] Humanitarian Situation in Libya
Eric P. Schwartz, Assistant Secretary of State for Population, Refugees, and Migration, and Nancy Lindborg, Assistant Administrator, Bureau of Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance, U.S. Agency for International Development
[12 March 11] Media Availability with Secretary Gates en route to Andrews Air Force Base from Manama, Bahrain
[12 March 11] In Libya, Our Aid Matters
Op-ed by Eric P. Schwartz, Assistant Secretary of State for Population, Refugees, and Migration, and Nancy Lindborg, Assistant Administrator, Bureau of Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance, U.S. Agency for International Development
[10 March 11] White House Briefing by National Security Advisor Tom Donilon and Deputy National Security Advisor Ben Rhodes on Libya and the Middle East
[10 March 11] State Department Fact Sheet: Humanitarian Response to Violence in Libya
[7 March 11] Remarks by President Obama and Prime Minister Gillard of Australia after Bilateral Meeting
[7 March 11] White House: Presidential Memorandum - Unexpected Urgent Refugee and Migration Needs Related to Libya
[7 March 11] Readout of the North Atlantic Council Meetings on Libya
Ivo Daalder, Permanent Representative to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
[1 March 11] UN General Assembly Suspends Libya's Human Rights Council Membership
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[1 March 11] Remarks on the UNGA Libya Resolution
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[28 Feb 11] Press Briefing by White House Press Secretary Jay Carney and U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations Susan Rice
[28 Feb 11] State Department Fact Sheet: Humanitarian Assistance for Libya
[26 Feb 11] Holding the Qadhafi Government Accountable
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[26 Feb 11] State Department Press Statement: Efforts to Assist U.S. Citizens in Libya
[26 Feb 11] Fact Sheet: UN Security Council Resolution 1970, Libya Sanctions
U.S. Mission to the United Nations
[26 Feb 11] Remarks in an Explanation of Vote on Resolution 1970
Susan E. Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations
[25 Feb 11] The Suspension of United States Embassy Operations in Libya
Briefing by Patrick F. Kennedy, Under Secretary of State for Management, and Janet Sanderson, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs
[25 Feb 11] Letter from the President Regarding Libya Sanctions
[25 Feb 11] Statement by the President on Libya Sanctions
[25 Feb 11] White House: Executive Order - Blocking Property and Prohibiting Certain Transactions Related to Libya
[25 Feb 11] Special Session of the Human Rights Council on the Situation in Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[24 Feb 11] State Department Press Release: Unauthorized News Media Travel in Libya
[23 Feb 11] Remarks by the President on Libya
[22 Feb 11] Remarks by Ambassador Rosemary DiCarlo, U.S. Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations, on Libya at the Security Council Stakeout
[21 Feb 11] Situation in Libya
Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
[20 Feb 11] State Department Press Statement: Situation in Libya
[18 Feb 11] Statement by the President on Violence in Bahrain, Libya and Yemen

TOP

What the Think Tanks are Saying

[May 13] Fault Lines of the Revolution: Political Actors, Camps and Conflicts in the New Libya
Wolfram Lacher. German Institute for International and Security Affairs
[19 April 13] Libya's Sabha Oasis: Former Quaddafist Stronghold Becoming Regional Center of Insecurity
Andrew McGregor. Jamestown Foundation
[17 April 13] Trial by Error: Justice in Post-Qadhafi Libya
International Crisis Group
[March/April 13] The Air War in Libya
Maj Jason R. Greenleaf, USAF. Air and Space Power Journal
[12 March 13] Lessons from Benghazi: Investigation Leaves Important Questions Unanswered
Scott Erickson, Jessica Zuckerman, and Steven P. Bucci. Heritage Foundation
[22 Feb 13] The Libyan Revolution at Two
Ibrahim Sharqieh. Foreign Policy
[11 Feb 13] Libya's Revolution at Two Years: Perils and Achievements
Frederic Wehrey. Mediterranean Politics
NOTE: Full-text made available by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[19 Dec 12] The Mess We Left Behind in Libya: While Washington is Busy Fighting Over a Report, Benghazi is Descending into Chaos
Mary Fitzgerald and Umar Khan. Foreign Policy
[Nov/Dec 12] Libya's Year One: Life after Qaddafi
Ann Marlowe. World Affairs
[14 Nov 12] Lessons from Benghazi: Rethinking U.S. Diplomatic Security
James Jay Carafano and Morgan Lorraine Roach. Heritage Foundation
[Nov 12] Between Interference and Assistance: The Politics of International Support in Egypt, Tunisia, and Libya
Salman Shaikh and Shadi Hamid. Brookings Institution
[25 Oct 12] Libya's Constitutional Twilight
Carmen Geha and Gilbert Doumit. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[2 Oct 12] The Libya Surprise
Tom Malinowski. Foreign Policy
[Oct 12] State-Building Challenges in a Post-Revolution Libya
Mohammed El-Katiri. Strategic Studies Institute
[Oct 12] Libya's Post-Qaddafi Transition: The Nation-Building Challenge
Christopher S. Chivvis, et al. RAND Corporation
[Oct 12] Death of a Dictator: Bloody Vengeance in Sirte
Peter Bouckaert. Human Rights Watch
[Oct 12] Borderline Chaos? Stabilizing Libya's Periphery
Peter Cole. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[Oct 12] Benghazi Attack Throws Libya Gains into Question
Alexander Nicoll and Jessica Delaney, eds. International Institute for Strategic Studies
[18 Sep 12] Illegal Migration in Libya After the Arab Spring
Mustafa O. Attir. Middle East Institute
[14 Sep 12] Now is Not the Time to Cut Assistance to Egypt and Libya
Jamie M. Fly and Patrick Christy. Foreign Policy Initiative
[14 Sep 12] Divided We Stand: Libya's Enduring Conflicts
International Crisis Group
[12 Sep 12] Jihadism's Foothold in Libya
Aaron Y. Zelin. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[12 Sep 12] Don't Give Up on the Arab Spring: Why America Did the Right Thing in Libya - And Freedom Will Eventually Win
Shadi Hamid. Foreign Policy
[12 Sep 12] The Wrath of Libya's Salafis
Frederic Wehrey. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[Sep 12] The Struggle for Security in Eastern Libya
Frederic Wehrey. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[Sep 12] Furthering Democracy in Libya with Information Technology: Opportunities for the International Donor Community
Chris Jones, et al. Centre for International Governance Innovation
[Sep 12] Security Challenges to Libya's Quest for Democracy
Karim Mezran and Fadel Lamen. Atlantic Council of the United States
[Aug 12] The Situation in West Asia and North Africa and its Impact on the International Strategic Configuration
David Mulrooney, ed. Institute for Security and Development Policy
[6 July 12] Qaddafi Lives: As Libya Holds its First Post-Revolutionary Elections, the Brother Leader's Legacy is Proving Hard to Overcome
Alison Pargeter. Foreign Policy
[2 July 12] Electing a New Libya
Frederic Wehrey. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[July 12] The International Role in Libya’s Transition: August 2011 – March 2012
Emily O’Brien with Richard Gowan. Center on International Cooperation, New York University
[26 June 12] The Brave New World of Libya's Elections
Frederic Wehrey. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[1 June 12] Tripoli's Islamist Militia Leader Turns to Politics in the New Libya
Camille Tawli. Jamestown Foundation
[June 12] Rivalries for Authority in Libya
Nicholas Pelham. Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre
[June 12] Libya's Troubled Transition
Paul Salem and Amanda Kadlec. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[June 12] 'We Are Not Safe Anywhere': Tawarghas in Libya
Amnesty International
[23 May 12] Libya and R2P: A Year after UNSCR 1973
Keerthi Sampath Kumar. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses
NOTE: Select the "Download Issue Brief" link at the bottom of the page to access the full-text
[May 12] Unacknowledged Deaths: Civilian Casualties in NATO’s Air Campaign in Libya
Human Rights Watch
[May 12] Libyan Islamists Unpacked: Rise, Transformation, and Future
Omar Ashour. Brookings Institution
[27 April 12] Was it Worth it? Reflections on the Libyan Revolution
Transcript of a Chatham House event
[24 April 12] Libyan Muslim Brotherhood on the Rise
B. Chernitsky. Middle East Media Research Institute
[24 April 12] Libya’s Elections Need More U.S. Support
Andrew Engel. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[April 12] Lessons Learned and Forgotten: How the Western Balkans Experience Could Help Libya
Benedetta Berti, et al. Belgrade Centre for Security Policy
[April 12] Humanizing Security?: The EU’s Responsibility to Protect in the Libyan Crisis
Marlene Gottwald. Finnish Institute of International Affairs
[6 March 12] Libya and the Responsibility to Protect: Between Opportunistic Humanitarianism and Value-Free Pragmatism
Ramesh Thakur. Institute for Security Studies
[21 Feb 12] Libya's Floundering Transition
Andrew Engel. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[16 Feb 12] Disarming Libya's Militias
Amanda Kadlec. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[9 Feb 12] Revolutionary Roadshow: Libyan Arms and Fighters Bring Instablity to North and West Africa: Part Two
Andrew McGregor. Jamestown Foundation
[8 Feb 12] Revolutionary Roadshow: Libyan Arms and Fighters Bring Instability to North and West Africa: Part One: The Libyan Pandemonium
Andrew McGregor. Jamestown Foundation
[Feb 12] In War’s Wake: The Struggle for Post-Qadhafi Libya
Jason Pack and Barak Barfi. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[Feb 12] Militias Threaten Hopes for New Libya
Amnesty International
[28 Jan 12] The Lesson of Bani Walid: In Post-Gaddafi Libya, the Dream of a Stable Central Government is Fading. Militias Are Filling the Gap
Christopher Stephen. Foreign Policy
[Jan 12] The Multiple Challenges of Libya's Reconstruction
Barah Mikail. Fundación para las Relaciones Internacionales y el Diálogo Exterior
[Jan 12] The Sahara and the Sahel after Gaddhafi
Laurence Aïda Ammour. Barcelona Centre for International Affairs
[Jan 12] Stakeholders of Libya's February 17 Revolution
Susanne Tarkowski Tempelhof and Manal Omar. United States Institute of Peace
[12] Short War, Long Shadow: The Political and Military Legacies of the 2011 Libya Campaign
Adrian Johnson and Saqeb Mueen, eds. Royal United Services Institute
[14 Dec 11] Holding Libya Together: Security Challenges after Qadhafi
International Crisis Group
[2 Dec 11] Is Libya NATO's Final Bow?
Clara M. O'Donnell and Justin Vaïsse. Brookings Institution
[8 Nov 11] Libya: Protect Vulnerable Minorities and Assist Civilians Harmed
Matt Pennington and Kristele Younes. Refugees International and CIVIC: Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict
[8 Nov 11] Heritage, Democracy and Development in Libya
William Y. Brown. Brookings Institution
[Nov 11] NATO's Operation in Libya: Not a Model for Military Interventions
Marco Overhaus. German Institute for International and Security Affairs
[Nov 11] The Libyan Revolution: The Tide Turns - Part 4
Anthony Bell, Spencer Butts, and David Witter. Institute for the Study of War
[Nov 11] A US-EU Action Plan for Supporting Democratization: Egypt, Libya and Tunisia
Danya Greenfield. Atlantic Council of the United States and the Polish Institute of International Affairs
[Nov 11] Responding to Migration from Complex Humanitarian Emergencies: Lessons Learned from Libya
Khalid Koser. Chatham House
[Nov 11] Can R2P Survive Libya and Syria?
Martha Hall Findlay. Canadian International Council and the Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute
[30 Oct 11] Libya: Militias Terrorizing Residents of 'Loyalist' Town
Human Rights Watch
[28 Oct 11] A Portable War: Libya's Internal Conflict Shifts to Mali
Andrew McGregor. Jamestown Foundation
[27 Oct 11] Congress Surrenders the War Powers: Libya, the United Nations, and the Constitution
John Samples. CATO Institute
[25 Oct 11] Post Gaddafi Libya – What Happens Next?
R. S. Kalha. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses
[21 Oct 11] Libya's New Era and UK Engagement
Sir Richard Dalton. Chatham House
[20 Oct 11] After Qaddafi, Libya's Daunting Path
Richard N. Haass, Ray Takeyh, and Ed Husain. Council on Foreign Relations
[15 Oct 11] Building a New Libya
Thomas Carothers. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[Oct 11] After Libya - Now Thrive the Armourers
Paul Rogers. Oxford Research Group
[Oct 11] NATO and the Arab Spring
Isabelle François. Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University
[Oct 11] The Libyan Revolution: Stalemate and Siege - Part 3
Anthony Bell and David Witter. Institute for the Study of War
[Oct 11] Libya: Beyond Regime Change
Henrik Boesen Lindbo Larsen. Danish Institute for International Studies
[Oct 11] Detention Abuses Staining the New Libya
Amnesty International
[22 Sep 11] Can Libya be Locked Down? In a Post-Qaddafi Era, Who Will Secure Libya's Chemical and Biological Weapons Materials?
Bilal Y. Saab. James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies
[16 Sep 11] What the Tuareg Do After the Fall of Qaddafi Will Determine the Security Future of the Sahel
Andrew McGregor. Jamestown Foundation
[15 Sep 11] Building a New Libya
Thomas Carothers. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[13 Sep 11] Libya: Avoiding State Failure
Florence Gaub. NATO Defense College
[8 Sep 11] Libya: Victory is But the First Step
George Joffé. Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre
[1 Sep 11] Libya in Limbo: How to Fill the Security Vacuum
Florence Gaub. NATO Defense College
[1 Sep 11] Extending Libya's Transitional Period: Capitalizing on the Constitutional Moment
Jason Gluck. United States Institute of Peace
[1 Sep 11] The Tripoli Uprising: The Inside Story of Libya's Underground Revolutionaries as they Organized, Hid Out, Waited, and Finally Liberated the Capital City
Anand Gopal. Foreign Policy
[1 Sep 11] Leading from the Front: Europe and the New Libya
Heather A. Conley and Uttara Dukkipati. Center for Strategic and International Studies
[Sep 11] Early Military Lessons from Libya
Alexander Nicoll and Sarah Johnstone, eds. International Institute for Strategic Studies
[Sep 11] Europe, Now It Is Your Time to Act: Refugees Forced out of Libya Urgently Need Resettlement
Amnesty International

[Sep 11] The Libyan Revolution: Escalation and Intervention - Part 2
Anthony Bell and David Witter. Institute for the Study of War
[Sep 11] The Libyan Revolution: Roots of Rebellion - Part 1
Anthony Bell and David Witter. Institute for the Study of War
[Sep 11] Forging a Democracy from Libya's Jamahiriya
Alexander Nicoll and Sarah Johnstone, eds. International Institute for Strategic Studies
[Sep 11] The Battle for Libya: Killings, Disappearances and Torture
Amnesty International

[Sep 11] No Place of Safety: Civilians in Libya Under Attack
Amnesty International
[Sep 11] New Libya: Political Transition and the Role of the West
Roland Popp and Daniel Mockli. Center for Security Studies, ETH Zurich
[Sep 11] Learning from Libya: The Right Lessons for NATO
Damon M. Wilson. Atlantic Council of the United States
[29 Aug 11] Ex-Jihadists in the New Libya
Omar Ashour. Foreign Policy
[25 Aug 11] Libya's 'Precarious' Transition Ahead
Robert Danin. Council on Foreign Relations
[23 Aug 11] Libya: Ensuring a Smooth and Peaceful Transition into the Post-Qaddafi Era
International Crisis Group

[22 Aug 11] Next Steps in Libya (Egypt, Tunisia, and Other States with New Regimes)
Anthony H. Cordesman. Center for Strategic and International Studies

[15 Aug 11] Displacement in Libya: Humanitarian Priorities
Khalid Koser. Brookings Institution

[Aug 11] The Libyan War: A Diplomatic History - February-August 2011
Emily O'Brien and Andrew Sinclair. Center on International Cooperation, New York University

[Aug 11] Libya Win Unlikely to Convince War-Weary US Congress
Alexander Nicoll and Sarah Johnstone, eds. International Institute for Strategic Studies

[Aug 11] Post-Qaddafi Instability in Libya
Daniel Serwer. Council on Foreign Relations
[27 July 11] U.S. Priorities in a Changing Middle East
Robert Danin. Council on Foreign Relations
[14 July 11] Libya: Thinking Ahead to the Transition
Transcript of a Carnegie Endowment for International Peace event
[7 July 11] Regime Loyalists Fight On as Opposition Prepares for a Post-Qaddafi Libya
Camille Tawil. Jamestown Foundation
[July 11] The EU and the Libyan Crisis: In Quest of Coherence?
Nicole Koenig. Instituto Affari Internazionali
[July 11] What Libya Says About the Future of the Transatlantic Alliance
Tomas Valasek. Centre for European Reform
[July 11] Planning for Post-Gadhafi Libya
Center for Strategic and International Studies
[17 June 11] Toward the Endgame in Libya
Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[17 June 11] A Primer on the Libya/War Powers Resolution Compliance Debate
Robert M. Chesney. Brookings Institution
[16 June 11] Libya and the Responsibility to Protect
Transcript of a Brookings Institution event
[15 June 11] The Way Forward in Libya
James Phillips, et al. Heritage Foundation
[9 June 11] International Criminal Court Complicates Conflict Resolution in Libya
Brett D. Schaefer. Heritage Foundation
[8 June 11] Libya: Prospects and Challenges
Transcript of a Chatham House event
[6 June 11] Popular Protest in North Africa and the Middle East (V): Making Sense of Libya
International Crisis Group
[2 June 11] Libya: How Congress Should Speak to the White House
James Jay Carafano. Heritage Foundation
[1 June 11] The Libyan Crisis Seen from European Capitals
Ruth H. Santini and Arturo Varvelli. Brookings Institution
[27 May 11] From Rommel to Qaddafi: Petrol Supplies Still the Key to Military Success in Libya
Andrew McGregor. Jamestown Foundation
[27 May 11] Algeria's Response to the Revolt in Libya
Dario Cristiani. Jamestown Foundation
[26 May 11] Libya at the Centre
Paul Rogers. Oxford Research Group
[13 May 11] Libya: Achieving a Ceasefire, Moving toward Legitimate Government
International Crisis Group
[11 May 11] Using Frozen Assets to Aid Libyans
Stuart Levy. Council on Foreign Relations
[5 May 11] Libya: The Battle for the West
Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[May 11] Libya: Disappearances in the Besieged Nafusa Mountain as Thousands Seek Safety in Tunisia
Amnesty International
[May 11] Misratah - Under Siege and Under Fire
Amnesty International
[May 11] Opting for Second Best in Libya?
Riccardo Alcaro. Istituto Affari Internazionali
[28 April 11] How the U.S. Should Help Libya's Struggling Opposition
James Phillips. Heritage Foundation
[28 April 11] Mapping Qaddafi's Tribal Agencies in Libya: An Overview
Camille Tawil. Jamestown Foundation
[27 April 11] Don't Repeat the Mistakes of Iraq in Libya
Sean Kane. Foreign Policy
[21 April 11] The Grinding War in Libya Favors Qadhafi
Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[20 April 11] Libya: Will the Farce Stay with US (And France and Britain)?
Anthony H. Cordesman. Center for Strategic and International Studies
[19 April 11] NATO’s Decline over Libya
Robert E. Hunter. Council on Foreign Relations
[19 April 11] Libyan Opposition Reflects on Turkish Mediation Offer
Saban Kardas. Jamestown Foundation
[19 April 11] Libya Mission Demonstrates that British Defense Cuts Must Be Reversed
Ted R. Bromund and Nile Gardiner. Heritage Foundation
[18 April 11] Special Commentary on Libya: It Didn't Start this Way, But It's a War For Oil Now
Andrew McGregor. Jamestown Foundation
[14 April 11] Missiles, Money and Migration: The Impact of the Libyan Crisis on the African Sahel
Dario Cristiani. Jamestown Foundation
[13 April 11] India, Libya and the Principle of Non-Intervention
C. Raja Mohan. Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore
[13 April 11] Libya: Protecting Civilians in a Drawn-Out Conflict
Matt Pennington, Michel Gabaudan and Dara McLeod. Refugees International
[6 April 11] Libya: French Arrogance Meets American Ambivalence?
Jeffrey D. McCausland and Conor Martin. Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs
[4 April 11] Libya's Strains on NATO
Charles A. Kupchan. Council on Foreign Relations
[April 11] War in Libya: Europe’s Confused Response
Alexander Nicoll and Sarah Johnstone, eds. International Institute for Strategic Studies
[April 11] Are Islamist Extremists Fighting Among Libya's Rebels?
Alison Pargeter. CTC Sentinel - Combating Terrorism Center at West Point
[April 11] Libya, Searching for a Political Map
Abdel Sattar Hatita. Arab Reform Initiative
[April 11] First Lessons from the Libya Operations
Jo Coelmont. EGMONT: Royal Institute of International Relations
[April 11] Libya and the Post-American World: Implications for the EU
Thomas Renard. EGMONT: Royal Institute of International Relations
[April 11] Save Misrata: And Help Libya Set Itself Free
Alvaro de Vasconcelos. European Union Institute for Security Studies
[31 March 11] Libya, Bahrain and NATO
Paul Rogers. Oxford Research Group
[31 March 11] Obama Wrongly Adopts U.N. "Responsibility to Protect" to Justify Libya Intervention
Steven Groves. Heritage Foundation
[31 March 11] Aiding Libya More Than Arming Rebels
James Jay Carafano and James Philips. Heritage Foundation
[30 March 11] FPI Fact Sheet: The Case for Intervention in Libya
Foreign Policy Initiative
[29 March 11] NATO in Libya: The Alliance Between Emergency Help and Nation Building
Florence Gaub, et al. NATO Defense College
[29 March 11] Libya: Detainees, Disappeared and Missing
Amnesty International
[29 March 11] Choices and Consequences
LTG James M. Dubik, USA (Ret.). Institute for the Study of War
[29 March 11] Mission Not Accomplished: Obama's Libyan Adventure is Already a Failure, and It Will Likely Get Worse
John Yoo and Robert Delahunty. Foreign Policy
[28 March 11] Libya and the Responsibility to Protect
Charli Carpenter. Small Wars Journal
[28 March 11] The Debate Over U.S. Libya Intervention
Matthew C. Waxman. Council on Foreign Relations
[28 March 11] Odyssey Dawn Squeezes Qadhafi
Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[28 March 11] Lesson for Libya Fight: You Go To War To Win
Charles S. Faddis. CNN.com
[28 March 11] Libya: AFRICOM's Combat Christening
John C. K. Daly. International Relations and Security Network
[27 March 11] Libya’s Rebel Leaders and Western Assistance
Jamsheed K. Choksy and Carol E. B. Choksy. Small Wars Journal
[25 March 11] NATO's Libya Mission: U.S. and U.K. Must Assert Strong Leadership
Nile Gardiner. Heritage Foundation
[25 March 11] Libya: The Humanitarian Emergency We See and the One We Don't
Elizabeth Ferris. Brookings Institution
[25 March 11] Obama’s ‘Poorly Conceived’ Libya Intervention
James M. Lindsay. Council on Foreign Relations
[23 March 11] Covert Action for Toppling the Gaddafi Regime
Shlomo Shpiro. Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies
[23 March 11] Strategy and Ramifications of Military Intervention in Libya by Coalition Forces
Transcript of a Council on Foreign Relations event
[22 March 11] Americans Approve of Military Action Against Libya, 47% to 37%
Jeffrey M. Jones. Gallup
[22 March 11] Libya: Three Possible Outcomes and the Role of Governance, Money, Gas, and Oil
Anthony H. Cordesman. Center for Strategic and International Studies
[22 March 11] Operation Odyssey Dawn and the Course of the Libyan War
Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[22 March 11] Four Mistakes We Cannot Make Again When We Sanction a Military Intervention
John R. Bolton. American Enterprise Institute
[22 March 11] Seizing the Multilateral Moment in Libya
Mark Quarterman. Center for Strategic and International Studies
[21 March 11] Libya: When Bombs Fall and Allies Fall Apart
Dilip Hiro. YaleGlobal
[21 March 11] Washington's To-Do List for Libya: Next Steps Must Be Measured
James Jay Carafano and james Phillips. Heritage Foundation
[18 March 11] Considerations for the Potential Transfer of Arms to Libyan Rebel Groups
Saferworld
[17 March 11] Libyan Revolution Faces Defeat without External Military Intervention
Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[10 March 11] Thinking Past the No-Fly Zone Debate: Charting a Course for U.S. Policy
Peter Brookes, James Phillips, and James Jay Carafano. Heritage Foundation
[9 March 11] The Real Military Options in Libya
Kenneth M. Pollack. Brookings Institution
[9 March 11] Dangerous Fallout from Libya's Implosion
Christopher Boucek. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
[8 Mar 11] Options for Military Intervention in Libya
Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[4 March 11] Time for a Long-Term Strategy for Libya
James Phillips and James Jay Carafano. Heritage Foundation
[4 March 11] The Motivation for the Referral of Libya to the ICC: Political Pressure or Justice?
Brett D. Schaefer and Steven Groves. Heritage Foundation
[3 March 11] The Strategic Geography of the Libyan Civil War
Michael Knights. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[3 March 11] Special Report from Inside Libya: Assessing Libyan Rebel Forces
Derek Henry Flood. Jamestown Foundation
[2 March 11] Qaddafi's Tangled Legacy in Africa
Richard Downie. Center for Strategic and International Studies
[1 March 11] Racheting Up Pressure on Qaddafi
Tom Malinowski. Council on Foreign Relations
[March 11] A Long-Term Strategy for Libya and the Mediterranean: Over to the European Union
Sven Biscop. EGMONT: Royal Institute of International Relations
[March 11] Public Health Risk Assessment and Interventions – The Libyan Arab Jamahiriya: Civil Unrest
World Health Organization
[March 11] Libya after Qaddafi: State Formation or State Collapse?
Wolfram Lacher. German Institute for International and Security Affairs
[March 11] Libya: A Time for Others in the Region
Derek Burney. Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute
[March 11] Libya: Why Are We Involved: A Policy Update Paper
Derek Burney. Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute
[March 11] Forging a Libya Strategy: Policy Recommendations for the Obama Administration
Andrew M. Exum and Zachary M. Hosford. Center for a New American Security
[March 11] Selected Options and Costs for a No-Fly Zone over Libya
Todd Harrison and Zack Cooper. Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments
[25 Feb 11] Slippery Slope: Libya and the Lessons of Previous No-Fly Zones
Michael Knights. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[25 Feb 11] Help Libyans Liberate Themselves from Qadhafi
James Phillips. Heritage Foundation
[24 Feb 11] U.S.-NATO Intervention in Libya: Risks and Benefits
Jason Hanover and Jeffrey White. Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[22 Feb 11] Understanding the Libyan Uprising
Quilliam Foundation
[22 Feb 11] Clashes in Libya - What Is Next?
Transcript of a Council on Foreign Relations event
[22 Feb 11] Libya's Leadership Crossroads
Robert Danin. Council on Foreign Relations
[22 Feb 11] Qaddafi's Last Stand? How the United States Can Respond as Tripoli Heats Up
John Norris and Sarah Margon. Center for American Progress
[22 Feb 11] Immediate International Steps Needed to Stop Atrocities in Libya
International Crisis Group

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Additional Reading

[18 Oct 12] Libya: Transition and U.S. Policy
Christopher M. Blanchard. Congressional Research Service
[25 April 12] Operations in Libya: Government Response to the Committee's Ninth Report of Session 2010-12
Defence Committee, House of Commons, United Kingdom
[8 Feb 12] Operations in Libya - Volume I: Report, Together with Formal Minutes, Oral and Written Evidence
Defense Committee, House of Commons, United Kingdom
[8 Feb 12] Operations in Libya - Volume II: Additional Written Evidence
Defence Committee, House of Commons, United Kingdom
[5 Jan 12] Former Libyan National Transitional Council Finance Minister Ali Tarhouni
Transcript of a Carnegie Endowment for International Peace event
[10 Nov 11] Remarks to the General Assembly on his Visit to Libya
Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations
[20 Sep 11] Remarks at High-Level Meeting on Libya
Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations
[16 Sep 11] Security Council Creates United Nations Support Mission in Libya Adopting Resolution 2009 (2011)
NOTE: Contains the full-text of Resolution 2009 (2011), establishing the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) and partly lifting the "arms embargo imposed on Libya and the asset freeze targeting entities connected to the previous regime"
United Nations Security Council
[1 Sep 11] Remarks to the Press Following the "International Conference in Support of the New Libya"
Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations

[1 Sep 11] Remarks to the International Conference in Support of the New Libya
Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations
[30 Aug 11] Briefing to the Security Council on Libya
Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations
[22 Aug 11] Opening Remarks at Press Encounter at UN Headquarters
Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations
[8 July 11] Cost Estimate: S. J. Res. 20: A Joint Resolution Authorizing the Limited Use of United States Armed Forces in Support of the NATO Mission in Libya
Congressional Budget Office
[27 June 11] Situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya - Warrant of Arrest for Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi
International Criminal Court
[16 May 11] ICC Prosecutor Press Conference on Libya
International Criminal Court
[16 May 11] Situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya - Prosecutor's Application Pursuant to Article 58 as to Muammar Mohammed Abu Minya GADDAFI, Saif Al-Islam GADDAFI, and Abdullah AL-SENUSSI
International Criminal Court

List of Annexes

[12 May 11] The Future of Libya: A View from the Opposition
Remarks by Mahmoud Gibril Elwarfally, Interim Prime Minister, Transitional National Council of the Libyan Republic, at the Brookings Institution
[3 May 11] Press Briefing on Libya
Oana Lungescu, NATO Spokesperson, and Vice Admiral Rinaldo Veri, Commander, Maritime Forces for Operation Unified Protector
[29 April 11] Press Briefing on Libya
Carmen Romero, NATO Deputy Spokesperson, and Brig. Rob Weighill, Operations Director, Operation Unified Protector
[26 April 11] Press Briefing on Libya
Carmen Romero, NATO Deputy Spokesperson, and Lieutenant General Charles Bouchard, Commander, Operation Unified Protector
[19 April 11] Press Briefing on Libya
Oana Lungescu, NATO Spokesperson, and Brigadier General Mark van Uhm, Chief of Allied Operations, Allied Command Operations (SHAPE)
[14 April 11] Statement on Libya
Following the Working Lunch of NATO Ministers of Foreign Affairs with Non-NATO Contributors to Operation Unified Protector
[13 April 11] Libya Contract Group: Chair's Statement
Statement by William Hague, Foreign Secretary, United Kingdom, following the Libya Contact Group meeting in Doha
[4 April 11] No-Fly Zones: Strategic, Operational, and Legal Considerations for Congress
Jeremiah Gertler, Christopher M. Blanchard, Stephen Daggett, Catherine Dale, Jennifer K. Elsea, and Richard F. Grimmett. Congressional Research Service
[30 March 11] Operation Odyssey Dawn (Libya): Background and Issues for Congress
Jeremiah Gertler. Congressional Research Service
[29 March 11] A Vision of a Democratic Libya
The Libyan Republic Interim Transitional National Council
[17 March 11] Declarations of War and Authorizations for the Use of Military Force: Historical Background and Legal Implications
Jennifer K. Elsea and Richard F. Grimmett. Congressional Research Service
[17 March 11] The Situation in Libya
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973
[1 March 11] Full Interview with Col Gaddafi
BBC News Interview with Moammar Qadhafi of Libya
NOTE: The following is available as a streaming video (19.40 mins)
[26 Feb 11] Peace and Security in Africa
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1970

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